abacus [5AbEkEs] n. 算盘(frame with balls for calculating)
(类)abacus·calculated=balance·weighted 算盘·计算=天平·称量(工具及其作用)
abacus·calculate=sextant·navigate算盘·计算=六分仪·航海(工具及其作用)
abandon [E5bAndEn] vt. 放弃(to give up without intent to return)n. 放任，放纵
(类)abandon·inhibition=voluble·terseness 放纵·压抑=罗嗦的·简洁(反义)
abandon·inhibition=conscious·numbness 放任·压抑=有意识的·麻木(反义)
abandon·inhibition=tranquility·agitation 放纵·压抑=冷静·激动(反义)
abandon·inhibition=despair·hope 放纵·压抑=绝望·希望(反义)
(反)salvage ◆ abandon 救助 ◆ 放弃(to withdraw one's support or help from)
(例)He abandoned himself to despair. 他自暴自弃。
abase [E5beIs] v. 贬低降低地位、威望或尊严(to lower in rank, prestige, or esteem)
(类)abase·prestige=damp·ardor 降低·声望=抑制·热情 (动作及其相关对象)
abase·status=shorten·length 降低·地位=缩短·长度 (动作及其相关对象)
curtail·duration=abase·strength 缩减·持续时间=降低·力量 (动作及其相关对象)
(记)a+base(降低)→贬低 (同)bemean, degrade, demean, humiliate
(例)A man who betrays a friend abases himself. 叛友者实为自贬身份。
abash [E5bAF] vt. 使不安，使愧疚(to destroy the self-possession沉着 or self-confidence of)
(类)unabashed·embarrassment=unheralded·announcement
不知羞耻的·局促不安=未预告的·宣告(反义)
【注：unabashed：not abashed 意思是不知羞耻的。同undisguised, unapologetic, brazen,
shameless, barefaced, blatant, brassy, brazenfaced, impudent, overbold, unblushing】
(反)embolden ◆ abash/ faze 使大胆 ◆ 使不安/ 使狼狈
(同)confound, confuse, discomfit, disconcert, faze
(记)bash联想：bath洗澡→在别人面前洗澡是令人害羞的
abate [E5beIt] v. 减轻，减低(to reduce in degree or intensity)
(类)abate·tax=alleviate·distress 减轻·税=减轻·压力(动作与其相关对象)
abate·force=fade·loudness 减轻·力量=减弱·声音(动作与其相关对象)
abate·intensity=taper·width 减轻·强度=逐渐变细·宽(动作与其相关对象)
abate·degree=discount·price 减轻·程度=减价·价格(动作与其相关对象)
(反)intensify 强化 promote促进 augment 增加 increase in intensity 剧烈增长
(例)the storm abated slowly 暴风雨逐渐减弱。
(同)lull, moderate, relent, slacken, subside, wane
(记)ab(否定)+ ate(吃)联想：不吃是为了减轻体重。
abbreviate [E5bri:vIeIt] v. 缩写，缩短,(to make briefer)
(类)abridge·word=abbreviate·letter
删减·词语=简化·文字(动作及其相关对象)
abbreviation·sentence=synopsis·narrative
句子缩写·句子=叙述摘要·叙述(动作及其相关对象)
abbreviation·sentence=abridgment·essay
句子缩写·句子=文章删节·文章(动作及其相关对象)
(反)extend 扩增 protract 延长 (同)abridge, curtail, cut,retrench, slash
(例)to abbreviate the December to Dec 把December 简写为 Dec
abdicate [5AbdIkeIt] v. 让位，放弃(to relinquish formally)
(类)abdicate·throne= recant·belief让位·王位=放弃信仰·信仰(动作及其相关对象)
(反)abdicate ◆ constitute 让位 ◆ 任命
abdicate ◆ assume 放弃 ◆ 采纳
abdicate ◆ usurp 让位 ◆ 篡位
(记)ab+dic(说话，命令)+ate 联想：不再命令→退位
(同)discard, shed,slough, renounce, resign
abdomen [5AbdEmEn] n. 腹，下腹(stomach and bowels)