2012新GRE阅读题型之细节题全攻略(8)
Except/Not 题
Except/Not 题,顾名思义,就是在题目中出现很明显的标志性的词语,如except 或者not.它的通常的提问方式是:The author provides following in the passage except…? 从这一提问中,我们可以知道,出题者考查的是考生对细节题的掌握情况,选项中肯定会有一个是原文中没有提到的,而这个正是正确的答案。其他的选项都是原文中已经提到或者列举出来的。因此,在读文章的时候,一定要注意文章中列举过的事例等,所以,做标记就起着至关重要的作用。
做标记的直接目的就是为了定位。一个人纵然记忆力再好,也不可能将原文中的众多考点、关注点记得分毫不差。俗话说的好,“好脑子不如烂笔头子”,别在关键时刻对自己盲目自信。有些人可能会觉得读文章做标记太浪费时间,其实不然。熟练以后,记一个考点可以在一秒钟内完成,甚至可以边读边写,不另外花时间。但是在没有任何标记的情形下,回到密密麻麻的英文原文钟定位可就不知道要花多少时间了。尤其对于那些专有名词繁多、观点繁多、事物之间关系复杂的文章来说,不做笔记,即便你找到原文的描述,恐怕也难一时理清它们的关系。
特别是在解答Except/Not题中,这类题并不要求考生对文章有多深的理解,主要是考查考生是否能准确地在文中定位。遇到Except/Not题,一般地解题步骤是: www.ExamW.CoM
1.首先在读文章的时候,对文章中的列举处做出标记
2.按照题目,去文章中找做过的标记,如果没有,则
3.找强对比事物特点的叙述,如果所述问题没有强对比对象,则
4.找原文中对此叙述曾明确反对或者没有提及过的东西。
下面以一个例子去说明:
Isadora Duncan’s masterly writings on the dance reveal the depth of her determination to create a lyric form of the art which was free of characterization, storytelling, and the theatrical exhibition of skills. She wished to discard the traditional methods and established vocabularies of such dance forms as ballet and to explore the internal sources of human expressiveness. She shunned bodily ornamentation and strove to use only the natural movements of her body, undistorted by acrobatic exaggeration and stimulated only by internal compulsion. In her recitals Duncan danced to the music of Beethoven, Wagner, and Gluck, among others, but, contrary to popular belief, she made no attempt to visualize or to interpret the music; rather, she simply relied on it to provide the inspiration for expressing inner feelings through movement. She did not regard this use of music as ideal, however, believing that she would someday dispense with music entirely. That day never came.
这篇文章属于典型的结论解释型文章。作者以这句话“Isadora Duncan’s masterly writings on the dance reveal the depth of her determination to create a lyric form of the art which was free of characterization, storytelling, and the theatrical exhibition of skills.”为开头,简明扼要地阐述了自己的结论,因此,文章的中心句即为首句。作者的结论是:伊莎多拉?邓肯关于舞蹈的高超著作揭示了她想创造一种新型抒情艺术的决心之深,该艺术抛弃了人物塑造、故事情节和戏剧性的技巧表现。后面的内容是对作者结论的解释说明。掌握的文章的结构框架和行文思路,在解答问题时就容易些了。